Analyses of newborn babies' head odors suggest importance in facilitating bonding

Scientists have identified the chemical makeup of the odors produced by newborn babies' heads. The results shed more light on the olfactory importance of newborns' heads in mother-baby and kin recognition. They also developed a non-invasive and stress-free method of sampling these odors directory from heads of the babies. Research into these odors can hopefully be utilized in the prevention of issues such as infant neglect and attachment disorders.

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First large-scale study of universal screening for autism raises questions about accuracy

In the first large, real-world study of universal screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers, researchers have found that the most widely used and researched screening tool is less accurate than shown in previous studies conducted in research laboratory settings. The new study also revealed significant disparities in detecting early autism symptoms in minority, urban and low-income children.

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Outcomes of birth options after a previous Cesarean section

A large cohort study of women who have had one or more previous Cesarean sections suggests that attempting a vaginal birth in a subsequent pregnancy is associated with higher health risks to both the mother and the infant than electing for another Cesarean. The research, published in PLOS Medicine on Sept. 24, 2019, addresses a lack of information on the outcomes of birth options after previous cesarean section and can be used to counsel women about their choices.

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New study on sharing shows social norms play a role in decision making

A child's desire to share becomes influenced by social norms around the age of 8, new research has revealed. The extensive study — conducted on eight diverse societies across the world — examined children and adults' behavior when asked to respond to a set of specific sharing tasks.

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Study questions routine sleep studies to evaluate snoring in children

A new finding suggests that the pediatric sleep study — used to diagnose pediatric sleep apnea and to measure improvement after surgery — may be an unreliable predictor of who will benefit from having an adenotonsillectomy.

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Babies' gut bacteria affected by delivery method

Babies born vaginally have different gut bacteria — their microbiome — than those delivered by caesarean, research has shown. Scientists discovered that whereas vaginally born babies got most of their gut bacteria from their mother, caesarean babies instead had more bacteria associated with hospital environments in their guts. It isn't known if these differences at birth will have any effect on later health.

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